From http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/sec23/ch269/ch269g.html
A breath-holding spell is an episode in which the child stops breathing and loses consciousness for a short period immediately after a frightening or emotionally upsetting event or a painful experience.
Breath-holding spells occur in 5% of otherwise healthy children. They usually begin in the first year of life and peak at age 2. They disappear by age 4 in 50% of children and by age 8 in about 83% of children. Breath-holding spells can take one of two forms.
The pallid form typically follows a painful experience, such as falling and banging the head or being suddenly startled. The brain sends out a signal (via the vagus nerve) that severely slows the heart rate, causing loss of consciousness. Thus, in this form, the loss of consciousness and stoppage of breathing (which are both temporary) result from a nerve response to being startled that leads to slowing of the heart.
The child stops breathing, rapidly loses consciousness, and becomes pale and limp. A seizure and incontinence may occur. The heart typically beats very slowly during a spell. After the spell, the heart speeds up again, breathing restarts, and consciousness returns without any treatment.
This is the only second time Gus had a pallid breath holding spell. The first time, he was 4 months old. A pale, limp, non-breathing, bradycardic baby doesn't seem normal, so I called 911. This time, Gus didn't completely lose consciousness, and I was knowledgeable about the "non-life threatening" nature of pallid breath holding spells. Looking at my deathly pale, diaphoretic little boy, I tried not to panic. I can't wait till he out grows this!
Poor Gus Gus!! Hopefully this is the peak at 2 and no more episodes! Good thing he has super nurse Connie for his mama!!
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